Authors Statistics from 1 Country
| Country | Count of Articles |
|---|---|
| Indonesia | 20 |
Articles
Influence Of Safety, Health, Work Accident, Work Spirit And Work Ability On Employee Performance In Planning Agency District Regional Development Labuhan Batu
Abstract
This study aims to analyze The Influence of Safety, Health, Work Accidents, Work Morale and Work Capability on Employee Performance at the Regional Development Planning Agency of Labuhanbatu Regency. The research method used in this research is quantitative. In this study, the population was employees of the Regional Development Planning Agency of Labuhanbatu Regency as many as 60 people. The research sample uses saturated sampling technique by attracting the entire existing population to be used as a research sample witha total of 60 people. Data collection techniques used were observation, documentation studies and questionnaires. The method of analysis of this research is multiple linear regression with the SPSS program. The research results prove that Safety positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at the Regional Development Planning Board of Labuhanbatu Regency.Health positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at the Regional Development Planning Board of Labuhanbatu Regency.Work accident positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at the Regional Development Planning Board of Labuhanbatu Regency.Spirit at workpositive and significant effect on Employee Performance at the Regional Development Planning Board of Labuhanbatu Regency Work ability positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at the Regional Development Planning Board of Labuhanbatu Regency. Safety, Health, Work Accidents, Work Morale And Work Ability simultaneously positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at the Regional Development Planning Board of Labuhanbatu Regency. The coefficient of determination is 0.848, meaning that employee performance can be explained by variables Safety(X1),Health(X2), work accidents (X3), morale (X4) and work ability (X5) of 84.8%, while the remaining 15.2% can be explained by other variables not examined in this study.
Read full articleThe Influence of Flexible Working Hours, Work From Home, Work Stress, and Salary on Employee Performance at PT Armada Auto Tara during COVID-19 Pandemic
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of Flexible Working Hours, Work From Home, Work Stress, and Salary on Employee Performance at PT. Armada Auto Tara during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collection method used is by distributing questionnaires to employees at PT. Armada Auto Tara. After the questionnaires were distributed to 110 employees, validity and reliability tests were carried out to determine the feasibility of the questionnaires. Determination of the sample using the purposive sampling method and the Slovin formula where the formula allows a researcher to take a sample of the population with the desired level of accuracy (Stephanie, 2013). The data management is carried out using SPSS software and goes through several stages, namely multiple linear regression analysis, f statistic test, and t statistical test. The results of the analysis show that the first hypothesis, namely Flexible Working Hours, has no effect on Employee Performance. The second hypothesis is that Work From Home shows a significant positive effect on employee performance. The third hypothesis is that work stress shows no effect on employee performance. The fourth hypothesis is that salary shows a significant positive effect on employee performance.
Read full articleThe Influence of Work Motivation, Work Discipline and Technology on Increasing Employee Performance at the Office of the Head of Aek Pamingke Plantation Village
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the influence of work motivation, work discipline, technology, and performance improvement at the Village Head's Office. The research method used in this study is a quantitative research method. This research also includes quantitative research that is correlational. The population in this study were all employees at the Village Head's Office with a total of 44 people. The number of samples used in this study amounted to 44 people. Where the entire population is used as a research sample using the saturated sample method. The data used in this study is primary data, namely data obtained directly by researchers from measuring the length of the short intervals in the measuring instrument is the Likert scale. The data analysis technique used in this study is a quantitative data analysis technique using statistical methods. This study uses the calculation results of the IBM Statistical Package For The Social Science (SPSS) version 26 which aims to determine the level of significance and the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable.
Read full articleAnalysis of Online Shopping Choice through Shopping Experience and Ease of Transactions on Consumer Trust and Purchase Intention
Abstract
Online shopping or E-Commerce is a transaction process carried out through media or intermediaries, namely in the form of online buying and selling sites or social networks that provide goods or services that are traded. Now online shopping has become a habit for some people, because of the convenience it provides. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between shopping experience, ease of transaction, and consumer confidence in buying interest online. In this study, the sample used was 100 samples. Samples were taken randomly or often referred to as (Probability Sampling). The analysis technique used was the SmartPLS 4.0 application, and the method used was the Structural Equation Model - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS). Based on the results of data analysis, several conclusions can be drawn, namely the shopping experience on consumer trust is not significant but has a positive effect, so H1 is rejected. The effect of ease of transaction on consumer trust has a positive effect. Then H2 is accepted. The influence of consumer confidence on purchase intention is not significant and has a negative effect. Then H3 is rejected . The effect of shopping experience on purchase intention is not significant but has a positive effect on consumer confidence. Then H4 is rejected . The influence of ease of transaction on purchase intention is significant and has a positive effect. Then H5 is accepted. The effect of ease of transaction on consumer trust has a positive effect. Then H2 is accepted. The influence of consumer confidence on purchase intention is not significant and has a negative effect. Then H3 is rejected . The effect of shopping experience on purchase intention is not significant but has a positive effect on consumer confidence. Then H4 is rejected . The influence of ease of transaction on purchase intention is significant and has a positive effect. Then H5 is accepted. The effect of ease of transaction on consumer trust has a positive effect. Then H2 is accepted. The influence of consumer confidence on purchase intention is not significant and has a negative effect. Then H3 is rejected . The effect of shopping experience on purchase intention is not significant but has a positive effect on consumer confidence. Then H4 is rejected . The influence of ease of transaction on purchase intention is significant and has a positive effect. Then H5 is accepted. The influence of ease of transaction on purchase intention is significant and has a positive effect. Then H5 is accepted. The influence of ease of transaction on purchase intention is significant and has a positive effect. Then H5 is accepted.
Read full articleThe Effect of Customer Experience, Customer Satisfaction, and Customer Loyalty on Brand Power and Willingness to Pay a Price Premium
Abstract
Products have a special value for customers and brand owners, and becoming a favorite is the aim of many brands. Therefore, this research used a causal quantitative design with a deductive approach to determine the influence of customer experience, satisfaction, and loyalty on brand power and willingness to pay a price premium. The data were obtained from primary sources via a questionnaire, while the population and unit of analysis were determined using the non-probability sampling technique with the criteria of Apple product customers aged at least 17 years old in Indonesia. A total of 280 respondents were achieved from August to December 2021 using the purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26 software (factor analysis) and Lisrel 10.2 with SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). Subsequently, the results indicated a positive influence of customer experience, satisfaction, and loyalty on brand power and willingness to pay a price premium. The research also suggested that maintaining and improving product quality, alongside continuous innovation, strengthened customer loyalty and brand power as well as increased their willingness to pay a price premium.
Read full articleAnalysis of Using Tiktok as Live Marketing in Attracting Consumers' Interest in Buying
Abstract
Live streaming marketing is a new trend that is attracting more and more people around the world. This allows businesses to reach their customers directly and provide them with a personalized experience without leaving their homes. For a company, it makes sense to use a live streaming marketing platform like TikTok because it helps them connect with their audience easily. This study aims to examine the driving factors that cause consumers to make purchases through the TikTok Shop application. This study uses a quantitative approach and the respondents in this study are students who have made purchases through the TikTok Shop application. Respondents in this study were 100 respondents. Data was collected using a questionnaire which was distributed online to consumers via the Google form. The results of the study indicate that the variables in this study have a positive and significant influence on consumer buying interest. From this research, sellers get inspiration in an effort to increase consumer buying interest. This research also contributes to the marketing literature and consumer behavior.
Read full articleInfluence of Brand Loyalty and Perceived Quality Analysis on Consumer Purchase Decisions
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the effect of brand loyalty and perceived quality on consumer purchasing decisions. The research design used in this study uses a quantitative associative method. Based on the results of data analysis that has been carried out in the first hypothesis (H1), which states that brand loyalty has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions, the t-count value of 8,197 is greater than the t-table value, which is 1,666, testing the second hypothesis (H2), which states that perceived quality has a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions obtained by a t-count value of 10,769 greater than the t-table value of 1,666, which means that brand loyalty and perceived quality have a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions, while the R-square value is obtained by 0.616 which states that brand loyalty and perceived quality variables influence consumer purchasing decisions by 61.60% and the remaining 38.40% are influenced by other variables.
Read full articleThe Influence of Service Quality, Taste, and Perceived Price on Customer Loyalty by Mediating Customer Satisfaction
Abstract
This study aims to determine the effect of service quality, taste and price perceptions on customer loyalty through consumer satisfaction as a mediating variable. The population in this study were 100 populations of Mas Be geprek chicken customers. The sample in this study were 62 respondents with the purposive sampling technique used. The method used is the Quantitative Descriptive research method with data collection techniques in this study using a questionnaire in the form of a Google Form and distributed online via WhatsApp social media. The data analysis technique in this study is to use the SmartPLS SEM analysis method, with the media in data processing using the SmartPLS 3 program. The results of this study explain that Service Quality has no significant positive effect on Customer Satisfaction; Taste has a positive and significant effect on Customer Satisfaction; Price has a positive and significant effect on Customer Satisfaction; Service Quality has no significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty; Taste has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty; Price has no significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty; And Customer Satisfaction as a mediation of Service Quality, Taste and Price has a positive effect on Customer Loyalty. Service Quality has no significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty; Taste has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty; Price has no significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty; And Customer Satisfaction as a mediation of Service Quality, Taste and Price has a positive effect on Customer Loyalty. Service Quality has no significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty; Taste has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty; Price has no significant positive effect on Customer Loyalty; And Customer Satisfaction as a mediation of Service Quality, Taste and Price has a positive effect on Customer Loyalty.
Read full articleRelationship of Marketing Mix, Brand Equity to Purchase Decision and Loyalty with Digital Wallet as Moderating during the Covid 19 Pandemic Period
Abstract
This study aims to examine the relationship between Marketing Mix, Brand Equity with Purchase Decisions, and Loyalty with Digital Wallets to reinforce the relationship between Brand Equity and purchasing decisions. This research is included in cross-sectional research because it was conducted at a particular time and was not compared with other studies. The sample selection technique used non-probability sampling, namely convenience samples, and questionnaires were distributed via e-link via Whatsapp and Facebook. The sample of this study is the population aged 17 years and over who live in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. The number of research samples is 271 respondents. This study uses a simultaneous equation approach model with two-stage least square (2SLS) estimation techniques and data processing with SPSS version 26.00. The results showed that marketing mix, brand equity, and customer loyalty positively and significantly affected customer satisfaction. Digital wallets played a moderating factor, statistically, do not influence purchasing decisions. Purchase decisions and customer satisfaction positively and significantly influence customer loyalty. The findings of this study are that in improving smartphone purchasing decisions, the best effort is to prioritize aspects of the marketing mix and brand equity. The digital wallet is not a factor that drives consumer purchasing decisions. Furthermore, customer loyalty can be built in the long term through efforts to optimize purchasing decisions and customer satisfaction
Read full articleThe Influence of OHS (Occupational Health and Safety) and Motivation on Employee Performance at CV. Umega Abadi Sanjaya
Abstract
Improving the performance of employees in the company is marked by the work results and work achievements achieved. Improving the performance of employees in the company will be achieved if the company pays attention to Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), provides motivation to employees in an effort to develop all abilities and skills in the form of education, training, providing incentives, using complete and modern workshop facilities, to creating a conducive work environment. The above will be able to spur the enthusiasm of the employees so that the achievement of good performance in accordance with the company's expectations can be realized. This study entitled The Influence of Occupational Health and Safety and Motivation on Employee Performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) programs on employee performance, the effect of motivation on improving employee performance, and a company effort to further improve employee performance for the advancement of CV. Umega Abadi Sanjaya. The research method used is descriptive and verification methods. The population of this research is employees of CV. Umega Abadi Sanjaya. The sampling technique using the formula N = n obtained as many as 30 people, the method of analysis of this study uses multiple regression and hypotheses. The results of this study indicate employee performance is influenced by Occupational Health and Safety and motivation simultaneously. This can be seen by the value t count of 3,306 >t table of 1.70329 with a significance value of 0.003 <0.05. While motivation also has a positive and significant effect on the performance of CV employees. Immortal UmegaSanjaya is proven true. It can be by value count of 2.322 >t table of 1.70329 with a significance value of 0.027 <0.05. Thus it can be concluded that simultaneously or together the variables of Occupational Health and Safety and motivation variables have a positive and significant effect on employee performance. From the results of the analysis, the coefficient of determination (R2) is 0.531. That is, the two variables of occupational health safety and motivation contribute 53.1% together, while the remaining 46.9% is in other studies
Read full articleMarketing Strategy For MSMEs In The Digital Era
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to find out how to increase income through social media such as social media, influencers and live streaming to increase sales to MSMEs. This study uses a quantitative approach that tests numbers and analyzes statistical tests, collects data, uses a sample of 100 respondents to get valid answers. The results of this study indicate that digital marketing or social media has a significant effect on increasing income at MSMEs, influencers have a significant effect on increasing income on MSMEs, and the last variable, namely live streaming, has a positive and significant effect on increasing income at MSMEs. The development of technology is currently very rapid and very influential for people in the business world. MSMEs must be able to compete and carry out business strategies in order to win the competition. By taking advantage of advances in digital technology, MSME actors can spread their product promotions on online shopping sites such as social media and so on, by creating useful and interesting video content and also using models as promotional tools for their products in an effort to attract customers to buy a product.
Read full articleFactors affecting Co-Creation Intention of Customers in Social Commerce
Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of social support, social commerce information sharing, and social commerce value on brand engagement and the effect of brand engagement on co-creation intention. This paper also investigates the mediating role of brand engagement on the relation between social support, social commerce information sharing, social commerce value and co-creation intention. The study used survey data from 279 Indonesians with experience using social commerce sites and make purchase transactions through social media sites. The model was tested using PLS structural equation modelling with WarpPLS 8.0 program. The empirical findings indicate that social support, social commerce information sharing, and social commerce value has a significant direct effect on brand engagement. The study also revealed that brand engagement has a significant direct effect on co-creation intention. The mediation test results indicate that brand engagement does not mediate social support, social commerce information sharing, and social commerce value on co-creation intention. This study provides an understanding that co-creation intention has become a common feature within the social commerce context and managers should make efforts to effectively engage with customers by implementing the relevant social commerce feature.
Read full articleAnalysis of Standard Operational Procedure Submission of Special Ceiling For Sales Division
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the standard operating procedure (SOP) for filing an exceptional ceiling for the sales division at PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk. This study uses a qualitative research design with a case study approach. Data was collected through interviews, document analysis, and observation of the SOP submission process for the sales division at PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk. This study's findings are whether the Standard Operational Procedure for Submission of Special Ceilings has been going well or not. Standard operating procedures that are running well are shown in the Special SOP for Ceiling Submission; this can happen because it is in the preparation process so that, in practice, SOPs can be easily understood and also efficiently implemented by distributors. While implementing the main things in the Standard Operating Procedures is good because it has been appropriately implemented in every job, there's just no workflow in the Sales Division. In addition, there are due distributor receivables, so it becomes an obstacle for distributors to apply for a Special Ceiling according to the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP). This research contributes to the literature on SOPs by highlighting the importance of well-defined and effectively implemented SOPs in the context of the sales division of PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk. In addition, this study provides insight into the challenges and factors that may influence SOP implementation in this environment. Practical implications for the management of PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk and sales division. The findings indicate the need for more detailed and simplified SOPs for special ceiling proposals to improve process efficiency. In addition, this study recommends that companies provide adequate training and support for employees involved in the process. This research is limited to one case study at PT. Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk and these findings may not be generalizable to other companies or industries. In addition, this study does not evaluate the impact of implementing improved SOPs on sales division performance. Future research can explore these areas and assess the effectiveness of various strategies to improve the unique ceiling application process in sales divisions in peer companies in Indonesia.
Read full articleThe Effect of Service Quality, Product Quality, Promotion and Price on the Purchase Decision of Motorcycles in the Indah Sakti Showroom
Abstract
Business in the automotive sector continues to experience the times. Every producer in this field makes innovations that can fulfill consumer desires. It is very important for manufacturers to know the factors driving consumers in making decisions to buy products. In this case, researchers conducted research on consumers of a motorcycle showroom in the city of Rantauprapat. Researchers want to examine the effect of service quality, product quality, promotion and price on the decision to purchase a motorcycle at the Indah Sakti showroom. This study involved 100 consumers who had purchased a motorcycle at the Indah Sakti showroom as respondents. This study used a quantitative approach with data collection methods using a questionnaire instrument which was distributed via WhatsApp and then respondents filled out the questionnaire using the Google form. The results showed that service quality had a significant effect on the decision to purchase a motorcycle at Indah Sakti, product quality had a significant effect on the decision to purchase a motorcycle at Indah Sakti, promotion had a significant effect on the decision to purchase a motorcycle at Indah Sakti and price had a significant effect on the decision to purchase a motorcycle. at Beautiful Sakti.
Read full articleThe Impact of Good Corporate Governance on Financial Distress in Transportation Sector Companies in Indonesia
Abstract
This study aims to determine the influence of the Board of Directors, Institutional Ownership, and Managerial Ownership on Financial Distress in Transportation Subsector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2020 Period. This study used a sample of 29 companies from the Transportation Subsector for 3 periods using the purposive sampling method. The independent variables in this study are the board of directors as measured by calculating the number of members of the board of directors in the relevant year period, institutional ownership as measured by dividing the number of shares held institutionally by the number of shares outstanding, and managerial ownership measured by dividing the number of shares held by management by the number of shares outstanding. Meanwhile, the dependent variable in this study is financial distress as measured by the altman z-score method. The results of this study show that: (1) The board of directors has no effect on the occurrence of financial distress. (2) Institutional ownership negatively affects the occurrence of financial distress. (3) Managerial ownership negatively affects the occurrence of financial distress.
Read full articleThe Effect of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) and Motivation on Employee Performance at PT Lautan Sejahtera Nusantara
Abstract
human resources on the fact are Capital is one of the capital that plays an important role in achieving company goals. Motivation is a mental impulse that drives human behavior on the basis of need. Occupational safety is the control of people, machines, materials, and methods that cover the work environment so that workers do not experience injury. PT. LSN (Lautan Sejahtera Nusantara) is a company engaged in the marine and fisheries sector based on fishing activities. This research is a process that begins with a willingness or interest to know a particular problem which then develops into an idea, a theory from conceptualization. In general, there are three types of research, namely discovery, proof, and development. The research method used in this study is to use descriptive methods and quantitative methods. The descriptive method is used to describe, describe how the Occupational Health Safety, Motivation, and OHS Performance variables at PT. Lautan Sejahtera Nusantara already has good work motivation, the highest level of motivation is found in the employee factor helping colleagues when they have difficulty doing work, while the level of motivation the lowest factor is found in the Employee factor trying to increase mastery of skills to accelerate the process of achieving targets caused by tools and facilities that are inadequate and can hinder the development of employee skills. Employee performance in the company PT. Lautan Sejahtera Nusantara has a significant influence on employee performance based on perceptions acquired by employees
Read full articleInfluence of Compensation and Organizational Culture Analysis on Increasing Employee Motivation
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of compensation and organizational culture on increasing employee motivation at a paint company in Tangerang, Banten. The research design used in this study uses a quantitative approach that is associative, namely research that examines the causal relationship between the independent variables, namely compensation (X1) and organizational culture (X2) to the dependent variable, namely increasing employee motivation (Y1). Based on the results of data analysis that has been carried out in the first hypothesis (H1), which states that compensation has a positive and significant effect on increasing employee work motivation, the t-count value of 10,492 is greater than the t-table value, which is 1,677, testing the second hypothesis (H2), which states that organizational culture has a positive and significant effect on increasing employee motivation, the t-count value is 9,731 greater than the t-table value, which is 1,677, which means that compensation and organizational culture have a positive and significant effect on increasing employee motivation, while the R-square value obtained by 0.869 which states that the variables of compensation and organizational culture affect the increase in employee motivation by 86.90% and the remaining 13.10% is influenced by other variables.
Read full articleAnalysis of the Public Satisfaction Levels on the Issuance Rate Policy of Drugs Test Result Certificate : (Evaluation of the Government Regulation No.19 of 2020)
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the public satisfaction levels of users related to the Drug Test Result Certificate (SKHPN) issuance services related to the rates set by the Government based on Government Regulation No.19 of 2020 concerning Types and Rates of Non-Tax State Revenues (PNBP) that apply to the National Narcotics Agency (BNN). The research method used in this study is quantitative research with survey methods. The research was conducted at the National Narcotics Agency of South Sumatra Province. The study subject employed people who use SKHPN publishing services in the BNN work area of South Sumatra Province. Data collection instruments used questionnaires through Google Forms, distributed via the WhatsApp application. The research sample was 137 respondents selected by Purposive Sampling techniques. The data analysis method used a Community Satisfaction Survey (SKM) based on the Regulation of the Minister of State Apparatus Empowerment and Bureaucratic Reform of the Indonesia Republic Number 14 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Preparing Community Satisfaction Surveys for Public Service Delivery Units. The results showed that the SKHPN rate policy was included in the good category with an average SKM value of 3,45 (B). However, the cost indicator was included in the bad category with an average SKM value of 1,957 (D).
Read full articleEffect of Merit System and Work Achievement on Employee Competence at PT Purnatarum Murni Rahayu Bandung
Abstract
Purnatarum Murni Rahayu is engaged in providing Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) services for the Greater Bandung area, as a company that functions as storage, the employees are required to have good competence, this is related to employee performance and employee recruitment planning. This study aims to determine whether the merit system variable has a significant effect on employee competence and whether work performance has a significant effect on employee competence. The research method used is descriptive, verification, namely by describing each variable and testing the three variables with a quantitative (statistical) approach which is then analyzed and compared with existing theories and problems to conclude. Simultaneously the magnitude of the effect of the merit system and work performance is 67.4% on competence while other factors are not examined (epsilon) but affect competence at 33.6%. The results of the study which are based on the partial hypothesis state that the merit system and work performance variables can be detected from the magnitude of the influence of each factor consisting of the merit system factor (X1of32.1%, work performance factor (X235) of,5%, to the competence of employees at PT. Purnatarum Murni Rahayu. This study concludes that the merit system has an effect on employee competence and work performance has a more dominant influence on employee competence than the merit system
Read full articleHuman Resource Development of Bandung MSMEs with Entrepreneurial Leadership Characteristic through Quality Leadership in Global Market Era
Abstract
MSMEs in Bandung has contributes significantly to the economic growth of the city. However, the number of exports is still low. The problems are minimal human resource performance, limited products, less innovative and less than optimal technological capabilities, thus it is necessary to develop entrepreneurial leadership characters in the global market as a strategy for competitiveness and implementing a learning culture. The aim of this study is to find out how the development of human resources in MSMEs in Bandung has entrepreneurial leadership characteristics in entering the global market. This study is carried out using cross sectional method. The specification of this study is descriptive quantitative analysis, using purposive sampling technique to produce a total of 85 respondents. Data collection techniques is using literature studies, questionnaires, interviews, and observations. The results showed that the development of MSME human resources in Bandung with entrepreneurial leadership characteristics with the Cognitive Ambidexterity approach, SEER (Social, Environmental, and Economic Responsibility and Sustainability), SSA (Self and Social Awareness), entrepreneurial leadership and the quality of "Entrepeneurship Leadership" has an average value of Good. However, the ability to complete tasks optimally, always thinking about mistakes that will occur so that the ability to capture and create opportunities has a low average value. Because of this, it is necessary to increase innovative learning in addition to optimizing leadership skills in a timely completion of tasks, decision making and negotiation skills.
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