Principal Managerial Competence and Academic Supervision on Vocational Teacher Performance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.eduline1286Keywords:
principal, managerial competence, academic supervision, teacher professionalismAbstract
To reach educational success, it is crucial to have skilled teachers. The goal of this study is to illustrate how school administrators in Samarinda City's vocational high schools have increased professionalism through their administrative skills and academic oversight. Using a descriptive qualitative methodology, this study. Six informants, including two principals, two vice principals, and two teachers from two distinct vocational high schools, served as the sources for the data. In order to improve teacher professionalism, the collected data were analyzed based on the study's objectives and research questions, and categories were created using conceptualized codes of managerial competence, academic supervision of principals, and other codes of inductive and interpretive reading. The findings of this study show that the principal's managerial competence is in line with school planning in the teacher professionalism improvement program because the principal oversees facilities and infrastructure, students, curriculum, school finance, monitoring, evaluation, and reporting in addition to school organization, resource empowerment, school management, teacher and staff empowerment, and empowerment of teachers and staff. The need to address issues with learning aids, lesson plans, learning materials, classroom management, evaluation of learning results, teacher discipline, and character education implementation led the principal to introduce academic supervision. The principal attempts to develop positive relationships with teachers in order to effectively supervise them by developing a sense of kinship, talking with them and sharing information, motivating them, and setting a good example.
References
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Asrat, D. K. (2020). School Principals’ and Supervisors’ Leadership Practices in Teachers’ Continuous Professional Development Program: in Secondary School of Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 23(4), 415–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2018.1524933
Avelar, A. B. A., Silva-Oliveira, K. D. da, & Pereira, R. da S. (2019). Education for advancing the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals: A systematic approach. The International Journal of Management Education, 17(3), 100322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.100322
Berjaoui, R. R., & Karami-Akkary, R. (2020). Distributed Leadership as a Path to Organizational Commitment: The Case of a Lebanese School. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 19(4), 610–624.
Brandon, J., Hollweck, T., Donlevy, J. K., & Whalen, C. (2018). Teacher supervision and evaluation challenges: Canadian perspectives on overall instructional leadership. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 24(3), 263–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2018.1425678
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Day, C., Gu, Q., & Sammons, P. (2016). The impact of leadership on student outcomes. Educational Administration Quarterly, 52(2), 221–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X15616863
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Goddard, R., Goddard, Y., Sook Kim, E., & Miller, R. (2018). A theoretical and empirical analysis of the roles of instructional leadership, teacher collaboration, and collective efficacy beliefs in support of student learning. American Journal of Education, 121(4), 501–530.
Hallinger, P., Gümü?, S., & Belliba?, M. ?. (2020). ‘Are principals instructional leaders yet?’ A science map of the knowledge base on instructional leadership, 1940–2018. Scientometrics, 122(3), 1629–1650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03360-5
Hallinger, P., & Lee, M. (2013). Exploring principal capacity to lead reform of teaching and learning quality in Thailand. International Journal of Educational Development, 33(4), 305–315.
Iskandar, D. (2018). Implementasi Kompetensi Profesional Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik. Journal of Management Review, 2(3), 261. https://doi.org/10.25157/jmr.v2i3.1804
Katz-Buonincontro, J., & Anderson, R. C. (2018). How do we get from good to great? The need for better observation studies of creativity in education. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2342.
Khasanah, U., Kristiawan, M., & Tobari. (2019). The implementation of principals’ academic supervision in improving teachers’ professionalism in the state primary schools. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(8), 1107–1115.
Knapp, M. (2020). Between legal requirements and local traditions in school improvement reform in Austria. Journal of Education, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12390
Komariya, L., Amon, L., Wardhana, A., Priyandono, L., Poernomo, S. A., Januar, S., Harliansyah, H., Satriawarman, T., Bustami, M. R., Heriman, H., Firmansyah, F., Pratama, P. A., Sumantri, W. H., Rianti, R., Rusdawati, R., Yusniar, Y., Sripeni, S., Ping, T., Rohana, R., … Monica, M. V. (2021). Manajemen Pendidik & Tenaga Kependidikan Abad 21. Aceh: Yayasan Penerbit Muhammad Zaini.
Kusnandi. (2017). Konsep Dasar dan Strategi Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan: Sebagai Review Kebijakan Mutu Pendidikan. Indonesian Journal of Education Management & Administration Review, 1(2), 107–118.
Liu, S., & Hallinger, P. (2018). Principal Instructional Leadership, Teacher Self-Efficacy, and Teacher Professional Learning in China: Testing a Mediated-Effects Model. Educational Administration Quarterly, 54(4), 501–528. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X18769048
Lopez, M. C. A. (2016). Classroom supervisory practices and their relationship to teacher effectiveness as perceived by secondary teachers. SMCC Higher Education Research Journal, 2(1), 1.
Lorensius, L., Hanim, Z., & Warman, W. (2022). Implementasi Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah dalam Peningkatan Profesionalisme Guru di SMK Katolik Kota Samarinda. Attractive: Innovative Education Journal, 4(2), 339–352.
Maisyaroh, Budi Wiyono, B., Hardika, Valdez, A. V., Mangorsi, S. B., & Canapi, S. P. T. (2021). The implementation of instructional supervision in Indonesia and the Philippines, and its effect on the variation of teacher learning models and materials. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1962232. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1962232
Miles, Huberman, S. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A sourcebook of new methods. In Qualitative data analysis: a sourcebook of new methods.
Mulyasa, H. E. (2022). Manajemen dan Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah. Bumi Aksara.
Mursidah, S., Maskur, M. A., & Widodo, M. (2022). Human Resources Development Strategy in Improving the Competence of Functional Education Personnel. Management Analysis Journal, 11(2), 134–142.
Omemu, F. (2017). Correlates of Effective Instructional Supervision in Bayelsa State Secondary Schools. World Journal of Education, 7(4), 40. https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v7n4p40
Renata, R., Wardiah, D., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The influence of headmaster’s supervision and achievement motivation on effective teachers. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 7(4), 44–49.
RI, K. (2003). UU No. 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional.
Samawi, A., Arifin, I., Wiyono, B. B., & Imron, A. (2019). Learning supervision strengthening based on school culture in kindergarten. Int. J. Innov, 5(11).
Setiyadi, B., & Rosalina, V. (2021). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru. Edunesia?: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 2(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v2i1.81
Shakuna, K. S., Mohamad, N., & Ali, A. B. (2016). The effect of school administration and educational supervision on teachers teaching performance. Asian Social Science, 12(10), 257–272.
Tambe, P., Cappelli, P., & Yakubovich, V. (2019). Artificial intelligence in human resources management: Challenges and a path forward. California Management Review, 61(4), 15–42.
Usman, N., AR, M., Murziqin, R., & ZA, T. (2018). The Principal’s Managerial Competence in Improving School Performance in Pidie Jaya Regency. Advanced Science Letters, 24(11), 8297–8300.
Van der Klink, M., Kools, Q., Avissar, G., White, S., & Sakata, T. (2017). Professional development of teacher educators: what do they do? Findings from an explorative international study. Professional Development in Education, 43(2), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2015.1114506
Villegas-Reimers, E. (2016). Teacher professional development: an international review of the literature. International Institute for Educational Planning Paris.
Wanzare, Z. (2012). Instructional supervision in public secondary schools in Kenya. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 40(2), 188–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143211427977
Warman, W., Poernomo, S. A., Januar, S., & Amon, L. (2022). Leadership Style and Principal Supervision in Improving Teacher Performance at State High Schools in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation, 2(1), 17–24.
Wiyono, B. B., Kusmintardjo, S., & Sucipto. (2017). The effective supervision techniques that influence teacher’s performance. Man in India, 97(24), 25–33. https://serialsjournals.com/abstract/33975_3.pdf
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. SAGE Publications.
Zhang, Q., Siribanpitak, P., & Charoenkul, N. (2018). Creative leadership strategies for primary school principals to promote teachers’ creativity in Guangxi, China. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2018.08.007
Alfian, A., Wiyono, B. B., Imron, A., Arifin, I., & Humaisi, H. (2019). Development of the supervision model based on clinical approach to increase managerial competence of school principal. Univers. J. Educ. Res., 7(11), 2472–2481. https://www.hrpub.org/journals/article_info.php?aid=8440
Amon, L., & Harliansyah, H. (2022). Analisis Kompetensi Manajerial Kepala Sekolah dalam Perencanaan Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Menengah Kejuruan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Dan Kewirausahaan, 1(1), 147–162. https://doie.org/10.1018/IJMRE.2021644052
Anderson, L., Krathwohl, D., & Bloom, B. (2000). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives.
Aras Bozkurt, & Ramesh Sharma. (2020). Emergency remote teaching in a time of global crisis due to Corona Virus pandemic. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3778083
Arhipova, O., Kokina, I., & Rauckien?-Michaelsson, A. (2018). School principal’s management competences for successful school development. Tiltai: Socialiniai Mokslai, 1, 63–75.
Asrat, D. K. (2020). School Principals’ and Supervisors’ Leadership Practices in Teachers’ Continuous Professional Development Program: in Secondary School of Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 23(4), 415–427. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2018.1524933
Avelar, A. B. A., Silva-Oliveira, K. D. da, & Pereira, R. da S. (2019). Education for advancing the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals: A systematic approach. The International Journal of Management Education, 17(3), 100322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2019.100322
Berjaoui, R. R., & Karami-Akkary, R. (2020). Distributed Leadership as a Path to Organizational Commitment: The Case of a Lebanese School. Leadership and Policy in Schools, 19(4), 610–624.
Brandon, J., Hollweck, T., Donlevy, J. K., & Whalen, C. (2018). Teacher supervision and evaluation challenges: Canadian perspectives on overall instructional leadership. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 24(3), 263–280. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2018.1425678
Bush, T., & Sargsyan, G. (2020). Educational Leadership and Management: Theory, Policy, and Practice. Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology, 3(3), 31–43. https://doi.org/10.24234/miopap.v3i3.255
Clandinin, D., Husu, J., & Kleinsasser, R. (2017). A Quest for Teacher Educator Work. The SAGE Handbook of Research on Teacher Education, 1033–1048. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526402042.n59
Cochran-Smith, M., Grudnoff, L., Orland-Barak, L., & Smith, K. (2020). Educating Teacher Educators: International Perspectives. New Educator, 16(1), 5–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/1547688X.2019.1670309
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Sage Publications.
Darling-Hammond, L., & Berry, B. (2016). Recruiting teachers for the 21st century: The foundation for educational equity. Journal of Negro Education, 68(3), 254–279. https://doi.org/10.2307/2668100
Day, C., Gu, Q., & Sammons, P. (2016). The impact of leadership on student outcomes. Educational Administration Quarterly, 52(2), 221–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X15616863
Glickman, C., Gordon, S. P., & Ross-Gordon, J. M. (2014). Supervision and Instructional Leadership: A Developmental Approach. ERIC. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED482619
Goddard, R., Goddard, Y., Sook Kim, E., & Miller, R. (2018). A theoretical and empirical analysis of the roles of instructional leadership, teacher collaboration, and collective efficacy beliefs in support of student learning. American Journal of Education, 121(4), 501–530.
Hallinger, P., Gümü?, S., & Belliba?, M. ?. (2020). ‘Are principals instructional leaders yet?’ A science map of the knowledge base on instructional leadership, 1940–2018. Scientometrics, 122(3), 1629–1650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03360-5
Hallinger, P., & Lee, M. (2013). Exploring principal capacity to lead reform of teaching and learning quality in Thailand. International Journal of Educational Development, 33(4), 305–315.
Iskandar, D. (2018). Implementasi Kompetensi Profesional Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik. Journal of Management Review, 2(3), 261. https://doi.org/10.25157/jmr.v2i3.1804
Katz-Buonincontro, J., & Anderson, R. C. (2018). How do we get from good to great? The need for better observation studies of creativity in education. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2342.
Khasanah, U., Kristiawan, M., & Tobari. (2019). The implementation of principals’ academic supervision in improving teachers’ professionalism in the state primary schools. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 8(8), 1107–1115.
Knapp, M. (2020). Between legal requirements and local traditions in school improvement reform in Austria. Journal of Education, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12390
Komariya, L., Amon, L., Wardhana, A., Priyandono, L., Poernomo, S. A., Januar, S., Harliansyah, H., Satriawarman, T., Bustami, M. R., Heriman, H., Firmansyah, F., Pratama, P. A., Sumantri, W. H., Rianti, R., Rusdawati, R., Yusniar, Y., Sripeni, S., Ping, T., Rohana, R., … Monica, M. V. (2021). Manajemen Pendidik & Tenaga Kependidikan Abad 21. Aceh: Yayasan Penerbit Muhammad Zaini.
Kusnandi. (2017). Konsep Dasar dan Strategi Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan: Sebagai Review Kebijakan Mutu Pendidikan. Indonesian Journal of Education Management & Administration Review, 1(2), 107–118.
Liu, S., & Hallinger, P. (2018). Principal Instructional Leadership, Teacher Self-Efficacy, and Teacher Professional Learning in China: Testing a Mediated-Effects Model. Educational Administration Quarterly, 54(4), 501–528. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X18769048
Lopez, M. C. A. (2016). Classroom supervisory practices and their relationship to teacher effectiveness as perceived by secondary teachers. SMCC Higher Education Research Journal, 2(1), 1.
Lorensius, L., Hanim, Z., & Warman, W. (2022). Implementasi Supervisi Akademik Kepala Sekolah dalam Peningkatan Profesionalisme Guru di SMK Katolik Kota Samarinda. Attractive: Innovative Education Journal, 4(2), 339–352.
Maisyaroh, Budi Wiyono, B., Hardika, Valdez, A. V., Mangorsi, S. B., & Canapi, S. P. T. (2021). The implementation of instructional supervision in Indonesia and the Philippines, and its effect on the variation of teacher learning models and materials. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1962232. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1962232
Miles, Huberman, S. (2014). Qualitative data analysis: A sourcebook of new methods. In Qualitative data analysis: a sourcebook of new methods.
Mulyasa, H. E. (2022). Manajemen dan Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah. Bumi Aksara.
Mursidah, S., Maskur, M. A., & Widodo, M. (2022). Human Resources Development Strategy in Improving the Competence of Functional Education Personnel. Management Analysis Journal, 11(2), 134–142.
Omemu, F. (2017). Correlates of Effective Instructional Supervision in Bayelsa State Secondary Schools. World Journal of Education, 7(4), 40. https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v7n4p40
Renata, R., Wardiah, D., & Kristiawan, M. (2018). The influence of headmaster’s supervision and achievement motivation on effective teachers. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 7(4), 44–49.
RI, K. (2003). UU No. 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional.
Samawi, A., Arifin, I., Wiyono, B. B., & Imron, A. (2019). Learning supervision strengthening based on school culture in kindergarten. Int. J. Innov, 5(11).
Setiyadi, B., & Rosalina, V. (2021). Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Guru. Edunesia?: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 2(1), 75–84. https://doi.org/10.51276/edu.v2i1.81
Shakuna, K. S., Mohamad, N., & Ali, A. B. (2016). The effect of school administration and educational supervision on teachers teaching performance. Asian Social Science, 12(10), 257–272.
Tambe, P., Cappelli, P., & Yakubovich, V. (2019). Artificial intelligence in human resources management: Challenges and a path forward. California Management Review, 61(4), 15–42.
Usman, N., AR, M., Murziqin, R., & ZA, T. (2018). The Principal’s Managerial Competence in Improving School Performance in Pidie Jaya Regency. Advanced Science Letters, 24(11), 8297–8300.
Van der Klink, M., Kools, Q., Avissar, G., White, S., & Sakata, T. (2017). Professional development of teacher educators: what do they do? Findings from an explorative international study. Professional Development in Education, 43(2), 163–178. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2015.1114506
Villegas-Reimers, E. (2016). Teacher professional development: an international review of the literature. International Institute for Educational Planning Paris.
Wanzare, Z. (2012). Instructional supervision in public secondary schools in Kenya. Educational Management Administration and Leadership, 40(2), 188–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741143211427977
Warman, W., Poernomo, S. A., Januar, S., & Amon, L. (2022). Leadership Style and Principal Supervision in Improving Teacher Performance at State High Schools in Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation, 2(1), 17–24.
Wiyono, B. B., Kusmintardjo, S., & Sucipto. (2017). The effective supervision techniques that influence teacher’s performance. Man in India, 97(24), 25–33. https://serialsjournals.com/abstract/33975_3.pdf
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. SAGE Publications.
Zhang, Q., Siribanpitak, P., & Charoenkul, N. (2018). Creative leadership strategies for primary school principals to promote teachers’ creativity in Guangxi, China. Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2018.08.007
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2022-11-01
How to Cite
Warman, W. (2022). Principal Managerial Competence and Academic Supervision on Vocational Teacher Performance. EduLine: Journal of Education and Learning Innovation, 2(4), 436–446. https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.eduline1286
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