Risk Analysis of Operational Disruptions in Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Method
https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.qems2585
Keywords:
PEVCS, FMEA, Disruptive mitigation
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Abstract
The Indonesia government is actively promoting the adoption of electric vehicles, as detailed in the 2021-2030 Electricity Supply Business Plan. The state-owned electricity provider, PLN, is responsible for establishing Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (PEVCS). However, several of these stations have encountered malfunctions; notably, 82 of the 567 stations are classified as Unavailable, indicating they are non-functional. Research literature points to a financial loss of $34,000 from operational issues at PEVCSs. This research aims to helps management understand and prioritize disruption that leads to failures or damages at these stations. Method used is the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) method along with logistic regression to examine the disruptions at PEVCSs labeled as Unavailable. The data for this research comes from a six-month historical record of PEVCS disruptions. The variables utilized for logistic regression analysis include foundational variables from the FMEA methodology—Severity, Occurrence, and Disturbance—complemented by two supplementary variables: the speed and age of the PEVCS. Result was found that three out of twelve types of disruptions have a high likelihood of failure, specifically issues with Device Communication, Connectivity, and Emergency Stop functions. A disruption is deemed likely to cause failure if its probability exceeds 50%.
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Ambarwati, R., Yuliastri, D., & Sulistiyowati, W. (2022). Human resource risk control through COVID-19 risk assessment in Indonesian manufacturing. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, 74(February 2021), 104665. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104665
Bhattacharjee, P., Dey, V., & Mandal, U. K. (2020). Risk assessment by failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) using an interval number based logistic regression model. Safety Science, 132(February), 104967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2020.104967
Chen, F., Peng, Y., Han, B., Lu, S., Xue, F., & Li, G. (2023). Robust planning of electric vehicle charging stations considering demand uncertainty and facility failures. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, PP, 1. https://doi.org/10.1109/TTE.2023.3332329
Crouhy, M., Galai, D., & Mark, R. (n.d.). Risk Management.
dos Santos, C. A. R., & Matias, R. (2018). Failure patterns in operating systems: An exploratory and observational study. Journal of Systems and Software, 137, 512–530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2017.03.058
Gong, D., Tang, M., Liu, S., Xue, G., & Wang, L. (2019). Achieving sustainable transport through resource scheduling: A case study for electric vehicle charging stations. Advances in Production Engineering And Management, 14(1), 65–79. https://doi.org/10.14743/apem2019.1.312
Hasan, M. K., Mahmud, M., Ahasan Habib, A. K. M., Motakabber, S. M. A., & Islam, S. (2021). Review of electric vehicle energy storage and management system: Standards, issues, and challenges. Journal of Energy Storage, 41(July), 102940. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2021.102940
Hesami, M., Rouzbehi, K., Moradlou, M., Mousavi, S. M., & Behzadpoor, S. (2021). Fault Current Protection in distribution system connected EVCH: A Review. 2021 25th Electrical Power Distribution Conference, EPDC 2021, 1, 76–83. https://doi.org/10.1109/EPDC53015.2021.9610818
Kettles, D., Solar, F., Raustad, R., Dunn, M. D., Block, D., Harrison, J., Dunn, M. D., Napolitano, F., Tossani, F., Borghetti, A., Nucci, C. A., Martinez, M. L. B., Lopes, G. P., Santos, G. J. G. Dos, Fagundes, D. R., Wu, X., Hu, X., Moura, S., Yin, X., … Brooker, D. P. (2016). Electric Vehicle Sales and Future Projections. Applied Energy, 168(January), 434–443. http://fsec.ucf.edu/en/publications/pdf/fsec-cr-1987-14.pdf%5Cnhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261916300988%5Cnhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.09.157%5Cnhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2015.11.019
Khalid, M. R., Alam, M. S., Sarwar, A., & Jamil Asghar, M. S. (2019). A Comprehensive review on electric vehicles charging infrastructures and their impacts on power-quality of the utility grid. ETransportation, 1, 100006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.etran.2019.100006
Lei, H., Yan, J., Sang, Z., Du, Z., Yang, D., Fang, R., Wang, Y., Wang, S., Xu, J., Zheng, Y., & Zhang, H. (2019). Research on the topology of a custom power device for electric vehicle charging station. Proceedings - 2019 4th International Conference on Mechanical, Control and Computer Engineering, ICMCCE 2019, 521538170010, 202–206. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICMCCE48743.2019.00054
Li, L., Liu, W., Li, D., Li, X., & Liu, X. (2021). Research on charging safety and early warning of intelligent networked electric vehicles. 02013.
Liu, W., Placke, T., & Chau, K. T. (2022). Overview of batteries and battery management for electric vehicles. Energy Reports, 8, 4058–4084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2022.03.016
Liu, Y., Kong, Z., & Zhang, Q. (2018). Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) for the security of the supply chain system of the gas station in China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 164(5), 325–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.028
Łukasik, Z., & Olczykowski, Z. (2020). Estimating the Impact of Arc Furnaces on the Quality of Power in Supply Systems.
Mazurek, P., & Chudy, A. (2022). An Analysis of Electromagnetic Disturbances from an Electric Vehicle Charging Station. Energies, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010244
Parkash, V., Kumar, D., Kumar, C., & Rajoria, R. (n.d.). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of Automotive Charging System. 53–57.
Parker, N., Breetz, H. L., Salon, D., Conway, M. W., Williams, J., & Patterson, M. (2021). Who saves money buying electric vehicles? Heterogeneity in total cost of ownership. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 96(May), 102893. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2021.102893
Salah, B., Alnahhal, M., & Ali, M. (2023). Risk prioritization using a modified FMEA analysis in industry 4.0. Journal of Engineering Research, 11(4), 460–468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jer.2023.07.001
Schneider, H. (1996). Failure Mode and Effect Analysis: FMEA From Theory to Execution. In Technometrics (Vol. 38, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1996.10484424
Shi, T., Huang, R., & Sarigöllü, E. (2022). Consumer product use behavior throughout the product lifespan: A literature review and research agenda. Journal of Environmental Management, 302(October 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114114
Tiwari, N., Verma, P., Kumar, S., Kumar, S., Dutt, H., Ahmad, S., & Singh Chauhan, S. (2023). Converting gasoline vehicle into an electric vehicle (EV)-A review. Materials Today: Proceedings, 79, 379–388. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.12.161
Wang, B., Dehghanian, P., Wang, S., & Mitolo, M. (2019). Electrical Safety Considerations in Large-Scale Electric Vehicle Charging Stations. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 55(6), 6603–6612. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIA.2019.2936474
Wolbertus, R., Kroesen, M., van den Hoed, R., & Chorus, C. (2018). Fully charged: An empirical study into the factors that influence connection times at EV-charging stations. Energy Policy, 123(February), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2018.08.030
Published
2024-05-25
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How to Cite
Putra, T. M., & Prijadi, R. (2024). Risk Analysis of Operational Disruptions in Public Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Using the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) Method. Quantitative Economics and Management Studies, 5(3), 541-559. https://doi.org/10.35877/454RI.qems2585
Copyright (c) 2024 Teddy Maulana Putra, Ruslan Prijadi
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